The science of attraction involves how the brain and body respond to feelings of attraction, and how these feelings change over time.
Attraction is a complex interplay of neurological, hormonal, and psychological factors. Understanding how the brain and body respond to feelings of attraction reveals insights into human behavior and relationships.
The Science of Attraction: Chemicals Released in the Brain
When someone feels attracted to another person, several key neurotransmitters and hormones are released:
Serotonin: Often termed the “happy hormone,” serotonin levels can fluctuate during attraction, sometimes leading to decreased levels that may contribute to obsessive thoughts about a partner.
Dopamine: Often referred to as the “feel-good” neurotransmitter, dopamine is released when the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the brain is activated. This activation is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward, similar to the effects of addictive substances.
Norepinephrine: This neurotransmitter, also known as noradrenaline, plays a crucial role in the body’s fight-or-flight response, contributing to feelings of energy and euphoria during attraction.
Oxytocin: Commonly known as the “cuddle hormone,” oxytocin is released during physical contact and intimacy, promoting bonding and attachment between individuals.
Brain Regions Activated
Several brain regions are involved when someone experiences attraction:
Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA): The VTA is central to the brain’s reward system and is activated during feelings of romantic love, driving motivation towards the source of attraction
Hypothalamus: This region regulates hormones and is crucial for sexual behavior and emotional responses.
Nucleus Accumbens: Part of the brain’s reward circuitry, it plays a significant role in processing pleasure and reinforcement.
Hormones Driving Lust and Commitment
The feelings associated with attraction are also influenced by specific hormones:
Lust Hormones: Testosterone and estrogen are key drivers of sexual desire. These hormones heighten libido and arousal during initial attraction stages13.
Commitment Hormones: Vasopressin is released during sexual activity and contributes to long-term attachment and commitment in relationships. It works alongside oxytocin to foster emotional bonds
Changes in Appetite and Mood
Attraction can lead to notable changes in an individual’s physical state:
Decreased Appetite: Many people experience a loss of appetite when infatuated or in love due to hormonal changes that prioritize emotional experiences over physical needs.
Insomnia: The excitement and anxiety associated with new attraction can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to insomnia or restless nights
Changes in Serotonin Levels
The fluctuations in serotonin levels during periods of intense attraction can have psychological effects:
Reduction in Serotonin: Lower serotonin levels are often observed in individuals experiencing new love or infatuation. This reduction can lead to obsessive thinking about a partner, mirroring symptoms found in anxiety disorders.
Summary
In summary, the science of attraction involves a sophisticated interplay between neurotransmitters, hormones, and brain regions that together shape our emotional experiences and behaviors in romantic contexts.
Understanding these mechanisms not only sheds light on human relationships but also highlights the biological underpinnings of love itself.
You can also attend our webinar to understand The Science of Attraction.
